TUTCRIS Research Portal

TY - JOUR

T1 - Human Factor in Time Management

AU - Reunanen, Tero

N1 - INT=pla,"Reunanen, Tero"

PY - 2015

Y1 - 2015

N2 - Abstract Time is the most important resource for leaders. Resources such as personnel, capital or facilities are crucial for leaders, but time is imperative. People's productivity, and hence organizations performance are heavily related to their time usage. Therefore, especially leaders should have conscious awareness towards their time personality. Time, however, is not an easy concept to handle for leader or even understand it. It has many different faces towards people. The challenge is that chronological time, where the business and management are done, is not nearly suitable when human relations and leadership are handled. Individuals experiences towards time differentiates to one another and different situations are constantly changing the experience of individual. Therefore, quite often, leaders recognize that it is hard to have schedules to match or plans to actualize within an agreed time. Some people fit more easily to same time reality with leader than others. Consequently, it is crucial for leaders also to understand how organization's members experience their time and how conscious their awareness is. Before it is possible to manage one's own time usage, personal time orientation, biases towards time, situation has to be understood consciously. This article handles research regarding time ontology in leadership and management environment and regarding peoples conscious awareness towards time and differences in their time reality. Research is done by developing and utilizing application called Chronos & Kairos which main purpose is to give possibility for thorough research for peoples’ differences when experiencing time. Time ontology for leadership and management environment is presented as well as research and results of differences of people's time reality. Article argues that people's conscious awareness towards time differentiates and this issues should be recognized especially in leadership positions. Future research aspects and recommendations are also issued in this paper.

AB - Abstract Time is the most important resource for leaders. Resources such as personnel, capital or facilities are crucial for leaders, but time is imperative. People's productivity, and hence organizations performance are heavily related to their time usage. Therefore, especially leaders should have conscious awareness towards their time personality. Time, however, is not an easy concept to handle for leader or even understand it. It has many different faces towards people. The challenge is that chronological time, where the business and management are done, is not nearly suitable when human relations and leadership are handled. Individuals experiences towards time differentiates to one another and different situations are constantly changing the experience of individual. Therefore, quite often, leaders recognize that it is hard to have schedules to match or plans to actualize within an agreed time. Some people fit more easily to same time reality with leader than others. Consequently, it is crucial for leaders also to understand how organization's members experience their time and how conscious their awareness is. Before it is possible to manage one's own time usage, personal time orientation, biases towards time, situation has to be understood consciously. This article handles research regarding time ontology in leadership and management environment and regarding peoples conscious awareness towards time and differences in their time reality. Research is done by developing and utilizing application called Chronos & Kairos which main purpose is to give possibility for thorough research for peoples’ differences when experiencing time. Time ontology for leadership and management environment is presented as well as research and results of differences of people's time reality. Article argues that people's conscious awareness towards time differentiates and this issues should be recognized especially in leadership positions. Future research aspects and recommendations are also issued in this paper.

KW - Time

KW - Management

KW - Human factor

KW - Leadership

KW - Situationality

U2 - 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.311

DO - 10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.311

M3 - Article

VL - 3

SP - 709

EP - 716

JO - Procedia Manufacturing

JF - Procedia Manufacturing

SN - 2351-9789

ER -