European Code against Cancer 4th Edition: Ultraviolet radiation and cancer
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European Code against Cancer 4th Edition : Ultraviolet radiation and cancer. / Greinert, Rüdiger; de Vries, Esther; Erdmann, Friederike; Espina, Carolina; Auvinen, Anssi; Kesminiene, Ausrele; Schüz, Joachim.
julkaisussa: CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vuosikerta 39, 01.12.2015, s. S75-S83.Tutkimustuotos › › vertaisarvioitu
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TY - JOUR
T1 - European Code against Cancer 4th Edition
T2 - Ultraviolet radiation and cancer
AU - Greinert, Rüdiger
AU - de Vries, Esther
AU - Erdmann, Friederike
AU - Espina, Carolina
AU - Auvinen, Anssi
AU - Kesminiene, Ausrele
AU - Schüz, Joachim
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is part of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted naturally from the sun or from artificial sources such as tanning devices. Acute skin reactions induced by UVR exposure are erythema (skin reddening), or sunburn, and the acquisition of a suntan triggered by UVR-induced DNA damage. UVR exposure is the main cause of skin cancer, including cutaneous malignant melanoma, basal-cell carcinoma, and squamous-cell carcinoma. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in fair-skinned populations, and its incidence has increased steeply over recent decades. According to estimates for 2012, about 100,000 new cases of cutaneous melanoma and about 22,000 deaths from it occurred in Europe. The main mechanisms by which UVR causes cancer are well understood. Exposure during childhood appears to be particularly harmful. Exposure to UVR is a risk factor modifiable by individuals’ behaviour. Excessive exposure from natural sources can be avoided by seeking shade when the sun is strongest, by wearing appropriate clothing, and by appropriately applying sunscreens if direct sunlight is unavoidable. Exposure from artificial sources can be completely avoided by not using sunbeds. Beneficial effects of sun or UVR exposure, such as for vitamin D production, can be fully achieved while still avoiding too much sun exposure and the use of sunbeds. Taking all the scientific evidence together, the recommendation of the 4th edition of the European Code Against Cancer for ultraviolet radiation is: “Avoid too much sun, especially for children. Use sun protection. Do not use sunbeds.”
AB - Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is part of the electromagnetic spectrum emitted naturally from the sun or from artificial sources such as tanning devices. Acute skin reactions induced by UVR exposure are erythema (skin reddening), or sunburn, and the acquisition of a suntan triggered by UVR-induced DNA damage. UVR exposure is the main cause of skin cancer, including cutaneous malignant melanoma, basal-cell carcinoma, and squamous-cell carcinoma. Skin cancer is the most common cancer in fair-skinned populations, and its incidence has increased steeply over recent decades. According to estimates for 2012, about 100,000 new cases of cutaneous melanoma and about 22,000 deaths from it occurred in Europe. The main mechanisms by which UVR causes cancer are well understood. Exposure during childhood appears to be particularly harmful. Exposure to UVR is a risk factor modifiable by individuals’ behaviour. Excessive exposure from natural sources can be avoided by seeking shade when the sun is strongest, by wearing appropriate clothing, and by appropriately applying sunscreens if direct sunlight is unavoidable. Exposure from artificial sources can be completely avoided by not using sunbeds. Beneficial effects of sun or UVR exposure, such as for vitamin D production, can be fully achieved while still avoiding too much sun exposure and the use of sunbeds. Taking all the scientific evidence together, the recommendation of the 4th edition of the European Code Against Cancer for ultraviolet radiation is: “Avoid too much sun, especially for children. Use sun protection. Do not use sunbeds.”
KW - Adverse effects
KW - Europe
KW - Melanoma
KW - Primary prevention
KW - Skin cancer
KW - Sunburn
KW - Tanning
KW - Ultraviolet light
KW - Ultraviolet radiation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84931043892&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.canep.2014.12.014
DO - 10.1016/j.canep.2014.12.014
M3 - Article
VL - 39
SP - S75-S83
JO - CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
JF - CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
SN - 1877-7821
ER -